The other day, I ran my marauder through Hoth, doing the planetary and Class missions. When I was finished, I had 4 datacrons drop. I didn't do ANY heroics missions. You may have better chances in heriocs, since mobs there have a higher chance to drop loot, but ordinary mobs are dropping them too.
As for tracking them, if you look under housing decorations, and set it to available decorations, then look for either Light datacrons, or Darkark datacrons in the list, it will show what you have found already.