Each schematic can be upgraded to several different types of upgraded-schematics. I.e., a normal schematic can upgrade to both "Redoubt" and "Overkill" or whatever.
I agree, if you already have learned the "Redoubt" version or whatever, you shouldn't ever have a chance of it proc'ing again so you accidentally learn it again.. you should always get new versions, till you've gotten them all!